How Mass distorts Space-Time

It’s not gravity which distorts Space-Time. The bending or distortion of space-time is due to the mass. If there is more mass, more will be the distortion.

Einstein’s Theory says Gravity is not a force. But a manifestation of Spacetime curve.

If Space-time is flat, means so-called Euclidean and that geometry is called Minkowski. There is no Gravity, no mass at all. or if there is a mass the mass is so small, like an atomic scale. In atomic scale the Space-Time is flat. There is no effect of gravity on that scale. What we best do is neglect the potential due to gravity, because it’s magnitude is so small than any other interactive force like Electromagnetic, Nuclear interaction.

By using the Space-time idea, people have construed Relativistic QM. But due to so much mathematical inconsistency, this theory is no longer valid. People have evaluated more advance theory like QFT (Quantum field theory), Which is consistent with Einstein’s special theory of relativity.

Scientist used to explain the Space-time structure some sort of Rubber Sheet, in which u put some mass and there is a bending due to that mass, which u experience as a gravity. These Space-time concepts are totally mathematical. U can’t see such kind of thing if u see out there using telescopes. But u can always experimentally verify it, This idea works. So, space_time geometry is valid. But still, its a big question that What is Space-Time.

Under certain limit, General Relativity becomes Newtonian gravity. U see Newtonian gravity is also valid for low speed than light and mass not equal to zero.

U can’t predict what kind of shape space-time will take, But when U you make your own guess and that guess explain the experiment you can say that this kind of geometry is there due to any heavy object, like stars, Black holes. Like Schwarzschild Metric, To explain the Blackhole Space-Time.

So if You want to know there are tons of book out there.

Gravitation by Kip Throne

Spacetime and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity

by Sean Carroll (Author)

You can follow the Lectures of Prof. Leonard Susskind. It’s one of the best lectures for Beginners.

I hope U got the answer. Give me comment if u have any problem related this explanation